Python的包管理工具Pip

mac2022-06-30  110

Python的包管理工具Pip

pip 是一个安装和管理 Python 包的工具 , 是 easy_install 的一个替换品。本文将详细说明 安装 pip 的方法和 使用 pip 的一些基本操作如安装、更新和卸载 python 包。

distribute是setuptools的取代(Setuptools包后期不再维护了),pip是easy_install的取代。

pip的安装需要setuptools 或者 distribute,如果你使用的是Python3.x那么就只能使用distribute因为Python3.x不支持setuptools。

这就简单的介绍一下Pip的安装与使用:

安装:

curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py python get-pip.py

使用方法:

pip install SomePackage pip search "query" pip install --upgrade SomePackage pip install --upgrade SomePackage==version

补充:包安装后的py文件路径:/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

 

pip安装使用详解

pip类似RedHat里面的yum,安装Python包非常方便。本节详细介绍pip的安装、以及使用方法。

2.1 pip安装包

# pip install SomePackage   [...]   Successfully installed SomePackage 1 2 3 # pip install SomePackage   [...]   Successfully installed SomePackage

2.2 pip查看已安装的包

# pip show --files SomePackage   Name: SomePackage   Version: 1.0   Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages   Files:    ../somepackage/__init__.py    [...] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 # pip show --files SomePackage   Name: SomePackage   Version: 1.0   Location: /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages   Files:    ../somepackage/__init__.py    [...]

2.3 pip检查哪些包需要更新

# pip list --outdated   SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0) 1 2 # pip list --outdated   SomePackage (Current: 1.0 Latest: 2.0)

2.4 pip升级包

# pip install --upgrade SomePackage   [...]   Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0   Uninstalling SomePackage:     Successfully uninstalled SomePackage   Running setup.py install for SomePackage   Successfully installed SomePackage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 # pip install --upgrade SomePackage   [...]   Found existing installation: SomePackage 1.0   Uninstalling SomePackage:     Successfully uninstalled SomePackage   Running setup.py install for SomePackage   Successfully installed SomePackage

2.5 pip卸载包

$ pip uninstall SomePackage   Uninstalling SomePackage:     /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage   Proceed (y/n)? y   Successfully uninstalled SomePackage 1 2 3 4 5 $ pip uninstall SomePackage   Uninstalling SomePackage:     /my/env/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/somepackage   Proceed (y/n)? y   Successfully uninstalled SomePackage

3. pip使用实例

3.1 安装redis

# pip install redis 1 # pip install redis

3.2 卸载redis

# pip uninstall redis Uninstalling redis:   /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/redis-2.9.1-py2.6.egg-info .....省略一些内容.... Proceed (y/n)? y   Successfully uninstalled redis 1 2 3 4 5 6 # pip uninstall redis Uninstalling redis:   /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/redis-2.9.1-py2.6.egg-info .....省略一些内容.... Proceed (y/n)? y   Successfully uninstalled redis

3.3 查看待更新包

pip list --outdate pygpgme (Current: 0.1 Latest: 0.3) pycurl (Current: 7.19.0 Latest: 7.19.3.1) iniparse (Current: 0.3.1 Latest: 0.4) 1 2 3 4 pip list --outdate pygpgme (Current: 0.1 Latest: 0.3) pycurl (Current: 7.19.0 Latest: 7.19.3.1) iniparse (Current: 0.3.1 Latest: 0.4)

4. 常见错误

4.1 ImportError No module named setuptools 请参考《ImportError No module named setuptools解决》

5. pip参数解释

# pip --help Usage:      pip <command> [options] Commands:   install                     安装包.   uninstall                   卸载包.   freeze                      按着一定格式输出已安装包列表   list                        列出已安装包.   show                        显示包详细信息.   search                      搜索包,类似yum里的search.   wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.   zip                         不推荐. Zip individual packages.   unzip                       不推荐. Unzip individual packages.   bundle                      不推荐. Create pybundles.   help                        当前帮助. General Options:   -h, --help                  显示帮助.   -v, --verbose               更多的输出,最多可以使用3次   -V, --version               现实版本信息然后退出.   -q, --quiet                 最少的输出.   --log-file <path>           覆盖的方式记录verbose错误日志,默认文件:/root/.pip/pip.log   --log <path>                不覆盖记录verbose输出的日志.   --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.   --timeout <sec>             连接超时时间 (默认15秒).   --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.   --cert <path>               证书. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 # pip --help   Usage     pip <command> [options]   Commands:   install                     安装包.   uninstall                   卸载包.   freeze                      按着一定格式输出已安装包列表   list                        列出已安装包.   show                        显示包详细信息.   search                      搜索包,类似yum里的search.   wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.   zip                         不推荐. Zip individual packages.   unzip                       不推荐. Unzip individual packages.   bundle                      不推荐. Create pybundles.   help                        当前帮助.   General Options:   -h, --help                  显示帮助.   -v, --verbose               更多的输出,最多可以使用3次   -V, --version               现实版本信息然后退出.   -q, --quiet                 最少的输出.   --log-file <path>           覆盖的方式记录verbose错误日志,默认文件:/root/.pip/pip.log   --log <path>                不覆盖记录verbose输出的日志.   --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.   --timeout <sec>             连接超时时间 (默认15秒).   --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.   --cert <path>               证书.

6. 结束

安装使用一目了然,太简单了。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/qiyebao/p/4818807.html

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