先来看一个问题,如果需要返回供应商DLL01提供的产品数目,SQL如下:
select count(*) from Products where vend_id = 'DLL01';那么如果要返回每个供应商提供的产品数目呢?这时就可以使用分组将数据分为多个逻辑组,对每个组进行聚集计算。
select vend_id, count(*) as num_prods from Products group by vend_id;注意,GROUP BY必须出现在WHERE之后,ORDER BY之前。
再来看一个问题,如果需要检索出每个客户的订单数量,根据上面所学,SQL如下:
select cust_id, count(*) as orders from Orders group by cust_id;现在有个新的问题,需要检索出两个订单以上的客户,怎么做? 像这样?
select cust_id, count(*) as orders from Orders group by cust_id where count(*) >=2;很明显,这是错误写法,因为WHERE是过滤指定的行,没有分组的概念。过滤分组需要使用HAVING。
select cust_id, count(*) as orders from Orders group by cust_id having count(*) >=2;可以这么理解,WHERE在数据分组前进行过滤,HAVING在数据分组后进行过滤。
问题:检索出具有两个以上产品且价格大于等于4的供应商解: select vend_id, count(*) as num_prods from Products where prod_price >= 4 group by vend_id having count(*) >=2;最后再来看一个问题,
问题:检索出包含3个或更多物品的订单号以及订购物品的数量,且按照订购物品的数量排序解: select order_num,count(*) as items from OrderItems group by order_num having count(*) >=3 order by items,order_num;转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xLI4n/p/10345910.html