Springmvc构造RESTful详细讲解

mac2022-06-30  201

Rest介绍

 

/blog/1 HTTP GET =>  得到id = 1的blog /blog/1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog /blog/1 HTTP PUT =>  更新id = 1的blog /blog   HTTP POST =>  新增BLOG

 

    以下详细解一下spring rest使用.

    首先,我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。

        1.如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do

        2.浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求,如何曲线解决

    springmvc rest 实现

    springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,    通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.

 

1 @RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE) 2 public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)  {3  blogManager.removeById(id);4  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);5}

 

    @RequestMapping @PathVariable如果URL中带参数,则配合使用,如

 

1 @RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE) 2 public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)  {3}

 

    1.springmvc web.xml配置

 1 <!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->  2   <servlet-mapping>  3   <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  4   <url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>  5   </servlet-mapping>  6   <servlet>  7     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>  8     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  9     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 10   </servlet> 11 12   <!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css --> 13   <filter> 14   <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name> 15   <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class> 16   <init-param> 17      <param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name> 18      <param-value>60</param-value> 19     </init-param> 20   <init-param> 21         <param-name>logLevel</param-name> 22         <param-value>DEBUG</param-value> 23       </init-param> 24   </filter> 25   <filter-mapping> 26   <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name> 27   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 28   </filter-mapping> 29 30   <!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 --> 31   <servlet-mapping> 32     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 33     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 34   </servlet-mapping> 35 36   <!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 --> 37   <filter> 38   <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> 39   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class> 40   </filter> 41 42   <filter-mapping> 43   <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name> 44   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 45   </filter-mapping>

 

    2.webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation

 

 

1 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>    2 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>   3

 

    3.Controller编写

 1 /** 2  * @RequestMapping("/userinfo") 具有层次关系,方法级的将在类一级@RequestMapping之一, 3  * 如下面示例, 访问方法级别的@RequestMapping("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new 4  */ 5@Controller 6@RequestMapping("/userinfo") 7public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{ 8  //默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc 9  protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;1011  private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;1213  private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";1415  /**16  * 通过spring自动注入17  **/18  public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {19  this.userInfoManager = manager;20  }2122  /** 列表 */23  @RequestMapping24  public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {25  PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);26  //pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters 2728  Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);29  savePage(page,pageRequest,request);30  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);31  }3233  /** 进入新增 */34  @RequestMapping(value="/new")35  public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {36  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);37  }3839  /** 显示 */40  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}")41  public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {42  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);43  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);44  }4546  /** 编辑 */47  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}/edit")48  public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {49  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);50  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);51  }5253  /** 保存新增 */54  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)55  public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {56  userInfoManager.save(userInfo);57  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);58  }5960  /** 保存更新 */61  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)62  public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {63  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);64  bind(request,userInfo);65  userInfoManager.update(userInfo);66  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);67  }6869  /** 删除 */70  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)71  public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {72  userInfoManager.removeById(id);73  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);74  }7576  /** 批量删除 */77  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.DELETE)78  public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {79  String[] items = request.getParameterValues("items");80  for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {81   java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);82   userInfoManager.removeById(id);83  }84  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);85  }8687}88

 

1 /userinfo  => index() 2   /userinfo/new => _new() 3   /userinfo/{id} => show() 4   /userinfo/{id}/edit  => edit() 5   /userinfo POST => create() 6   /userinfo/{id} PUT => update() 7   /userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete() 8   /userinfo DELETE => batchDelete() 9

 

        注(不使用 /userinfo/add  => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)

 

    4.jsp 编写

1 <form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put"> 2 </form:form>

 

    生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用,在服务端将post请求改为put请求

1 <form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post"> 2   <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/> 3 </form>

 

    另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.

    5.静态资源的URL重写

        如上我们描述,现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录,现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.

        如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.

        那如何避免这个前缀呢,那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下

    

1 <urlrewrite> 2    <!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif --> 3    <rule> 4     <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition> 5     <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition> 6      <from>^(/.*\..*)$</from> 7      <to>/static$1</to> 8    </rule> 9 </urlrewrite>

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/kms1989/p/5535478.html

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