spring学习（21）:java标准的解决方案

userService类

package com.geyao.demo.service; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = Appconfig.class) public class UserServiceTest { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Test public void testAdd(){ userService.add(); } } UserServiceNormal类  package com.geyao.demo.service.com.geyao.demo.service.impl; import com.geyao.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component("normal") public class UserServiceNormal implements UserService { public void add(){ System.out.println("添加用户"); } }

Appconfig类

package com.geyao.demo.service; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration @ComponentScan public class Appconfig { }

userserviceFestival类

package com.geyao.demo.service.com.geyao.demo.service.impl; import com.geyao.demo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component("festival") public class UserServiceFestival implements UserService { public void add(){ System.out.println("添加用户并发送优惠券"); } } UserServiceTest类 package com.geyao.demo.service; import com.geyao.demo.service.com.geyao.demo.service.impl.UserServiceNormal; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import javax.annotation.Resource; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = Appconfig.class) public class UserServiceTest { //@Autowired //@Qualifier("") @Resource(name="userServiceFestival") private UserService userService; @Test public void testAdd(){ userService.add(); } }

 运行结果（要引入javax.annotation.jar包）

[INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:24,987 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.getDefaultTestExecutionListenerClassNames(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:260) Loaded default TestExecutionListener class names from location [META-INF/spring.factories]: [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener, org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener] [INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:24,996 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.instantiateListeners(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:209) Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener]. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: [javax/servlet/ServletContext] [INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:24,999 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.instantiateListeners(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:209) Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener]. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttributeSource] [INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,000 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.instantiateListeners(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:209) Could not instantiate TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener]. Specify custom listener classes or make the default listener classes (and their required dependencies) available. Offending class: [org/springframework/transaction/interceptor/TransactionAttribute] [INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,001 method:org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.getTestExecutionListeners(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:187) Using TestExecutionListeners: [org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener@2eda0940, org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@3578436e, org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener@706a04ae][INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,164 method:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.prepareRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@1dd02175: startup date [Wed Oct 30 20:22:25 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,194 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,195 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,237 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,242 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils$1 (file:/C:/Users/geyao/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/4.3.13.RELEASE/spring-core-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar) to method java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(java.lang.String,byte[],int,int,java.security.ProtectionDomain) WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.springframework.cglib.core.ReflectUtils$1 WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,511 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,512 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,514 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,568 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,568 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,569 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,572 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,581 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,588 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:730) Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@694abbdc: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,appconfig,festival,normal,userService.Appconfig]; root of factory hierarchy [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,589 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,589 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,590 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,590 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,591 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,598 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,601 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,601 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,601 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,603 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,605 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,606 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,607 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,607 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'appconfig' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,613 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,614 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'festival' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,614 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'festival' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,615 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'festival' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,618 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'festival' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,619 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'normal' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,619 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'normal' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,620 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'normal' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,623 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'normal' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,624 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:221) Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'userService.Appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,624 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:449) Creating instance of bean 'userService.Appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,627 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539) Eagerly caching bean 'userService.Appconfig' to allow for resolving potential circular references [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,634 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:485) Finished creating instance of bean 'userService.Appconfig' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,636 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,754 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'lifecycleProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,767 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:86) Processing injected element of bean 'com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest': AutowiredFieldElement for private com.geyao.demo.service.UserService com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest.userService [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,776 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'festival' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,777 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.registerDependentBeans(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:535) Autowiring by type from bean name 'com.geyao.demo.service.UserServiceTest' to bean named 'festival' 添加用户并发送优惠券 [INFO ] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,788 method:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:984) Closing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@1dd02175: startup date [Wed Oct 30 20:22:25 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,790 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:251) Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'lifecycleProcessor' [DEBUG] 2019-10-30 20:22:25,790 method:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:512) Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@694abbdc: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,appconfig,festival,normal,userService.Appconfig]; root of factory hierarchy