目录

1、静态方法2、类方法3、属性方法

1、静态方法

通过@staticmethod装饰器即可把其装饰的方法变为一个静态方法;实际上和类没什么关系，唯一的关联就是需要通过类来调用;在名义上面归类管理，实际上在静态方法里面访问不了类或实例中的任何属性 # Author: Mr.Xue # 2019.10.29 class Dog(object): """this is a class: Dog""" def __init__(self, name): self.name = name @staticmethod # 静态方法 def eat(self, food): #2. 在eat方法中去掉self参数，但这也意味着，在eat中不能通过self.调用实例中的其它变量了 print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name, food)) #1. 调用时主动传递实例本身给eat方法 d.eat(d, 'baozi') #与类无关，所以调用时传入对象本身

2、类方法

类方法通过@classmethod装饰器实现，类方法和普通方法的区别是， 类方法只能访问类变量，不能访问实例变量

# Author: Mr.Xue # 2019.10.29 class Dog(object): name = 'huazai' # 类变量 def __init__(self, name): self.name = name # self.name: 实例变量 @classmethod def eat(self): print("%s is eating" % self.name) d = Dog("Bob") d.eat()

程序结果输出"huazai is eating"，而非"Bob is eating"

场景：国籍，不允许改国籍之类的

3、属性方法

属性方法通过@property装饰器实现，把一个方法变成一个静态属性

# Author: Mr.Xue # 2019.10.29 class Dog(object): def __init__(self, name): self.name = name self.__food = None @property # 属性方法 def eat(self): print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name, self.__food)) @eat.setter # 属性方法中的set def eat(self, food): print("set to food: ", food) self.__food = food @eat.deleter # 属性方法中的delete def eat(self): del self.__food print('delete ok') d = Dog("Bob") d.eat # 调用属性方法，给用户呈现的效果就像调用变量一样 d.eat = 'baozi' # 调用属性方法中的set d.eat del d.eat # 调用属性方法中的delete d.eat

输出结果为：

Bob is eating None set to food: baozi Bob is eating baozi delete ok Traceback (most recent call last): File "property_method.py", line 29, in <module> d.eat File "property_method.py", line 12, in eat print("%s is eating %s" % (self.name, self.__food)) AttributeError: 'Dog' object has no attribute '_Dog__food'

示例：航空公司航班信息查询

# Author: Mr.Xue # 2019.10.29 class Flight(object): def __init__(self, flight_name): self.flight_name = flight_name def check_status(self): print("checking flight %s status" % self.flight_name) return 1 @property def flight_status(self): status = self.check_status() if status == 0: print('0') elif status == 1: print('1') else: print('error') f = Flight('A847') f.flight_status