First 我们首先得了解一个通讯录有哪些功能？如何用代码实现这些功能？ 1.通讯录的目录。 2.联系人的添加。 3.练习人的删除。 4.通讯录的修改。 5.保存通讯录到文件。 6.读取通讯录信息。 7.联系人的查找。 通讯录的大小和基本信息
typedef struct AddressInfo//通讯录的基本信息 { char _name[24]; char _tel[24]; int _age; enum SEX _sex; }AddressInfo; #define MAX_SIZE 100 typedef struct AddressBook { AddressInfo* _AIArray; size_t _size; // 有效数据个数 size_t _capacity; // 容量 }AddressBook;通讯录的目录：
int main() { AddressBook addressbook; AddressBookInit(&addressbook); AddressInfo info1 = { "张三", "110", 18, Man }; AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info1); AddressInfo info2 = { "小王", "111", 19, Man }; AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info2); AddressInfo info3 = { "小李", "111", 19, Man }; AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info3); //AddressBookLoad(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin"); AddressBookSave(&addressbook, "addressfile.txt"); printf("==============================\n"); int option = 0; do{ printf("1.添加通讯录信息，2.查找通讯录信息\n"); printf("3.删除通讯录信息，4.修改通讯录信息\n"); printf("5.保存通讯录到文件，6.读取通讯录信息\n"); printf("7.打印通讯录信息，-1.退出\n"); scanf("%d", &option); if (option == 1) { printf("请依次输入姓名,电话,年龄,性别：\n"); AddressInfo info; scanf("%s",info._name); scanf("%s", info._tel); scanf("%d", &info._age); char sex[10]; scanf("%s", &sex); if (strcmp(sex, "男")) info._sex == 0; else info. _sex == 1; AddressBookAdd(&addressbook, &info); } else if (option == 2) { char name[20]; printf("请输入查找联系人的姓名：\n"); scanf("%s", name); AddressInfo *ret = AddressBookFind(&addressbook, name); if (ret == NULL) { printf("查无此人\n"); } else { printf("姓名：%s", ret->_name); printf("电话：%s", ret->_tel); printf("年龄：%d", ret->_age); printf("性别：%d", ret->_sex); } } else if (option == 3) { char name[20]; printf("请输入要删除的联系人的姓名：\n"); scanf("%s", name); AddressBookDel(&addressbook, name); } else if (option == 4) { char name[20]; printf("请输入修改联系人的信息：\n"); scanf("%s", name); AddressInfo *ret = AddressBookFind(&addressbook, name); if (ret == NULL) { printf("查无此人"); } else { printf("请输入修改联系人的电话:\n"); scanf("%s", ret->_tel); } } else if (option == 5) { AddressBookSave(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin"); } else if (option == 6) { addressbook._size = 0; AddressBookLoad(&addressbook, "addressfile.bin"); } else if (option == 7) { AddressBookPrint(&addressbook); } } while (option >= 0); printf("=============================="); return 0; }各个功能的实现：
void AddressBookInit(AddressBook* pbook) { assert(pbook); pbook->_size = 0; pbook->_capacity = 2; pbook->_AIArray = (AddressInfo*)malloc(sizeof(AddressInfo)* 2); assert(pbook->_AIArray); } void AddressBookDestoty(AddressBook *pbook)//空间的释放 { assert(pbook); free(pbook); pbook->_AIArray = NULL; pbook->_size = pbook->_capacity = 0; } void AddressBookAdd(AddressBook* pbook, AddressInfo* pinfo) { assert(pbook); if (pbook->_size == pbook->_capacity) { // 空间满了，进行扩容 pbook->_AIArray = realloc(pbook->_AIArray, pbook->_capacity * 2 * sizeof(AddressInfo));//扩容二倍 pbook->_capacity *= 2; } strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._name, pinfo->_name); strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._tel, pinfo->_tel); pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._age = pinfo->_age; pbook->_AIArray[pbook->_size]._sex = pinfo->_sex; pbook->_size++; } void AddressBookSave(AddressBook* pbook, const char* filename) { assert(pbook); FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "w");//文件的写入 for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i) { fputs(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, fp); fputc('\n', fp); char telstr[20]; itoa(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, telstr,10); fputs(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, fp); fputc('\n', fp); } AddressInfo end; end._age = -1; fwrite(&end, sizeof(AddressInfo), 1, fp); } void AddressBookLoad(AddressBook* pbook, const char* filename) { assert(pbook); FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "r");//文件的读入 AddressInfo info; while (1) { info._name[0] = '\0'; info._tel[0] = '\0'; info._age = 0; fscanf("%s%s%d",info._name,info._tel,info._age); if (info._age == -1) { break; } else { AddressBookAdd(pbook, &info); } } } void AddressBookDel(AddressBook* pbook, const char* name) { for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i) { if (strcmp(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, name) == 0) { while (i < pbook->_size - 1) { strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name, pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._name);//把后一个信息拷贝到目标对象中去，进行覆盖。 strcpy(pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel, pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._tel); pbook->_AIArray[i]._age = pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._age; pbook->_AIArray[i]._sex = pbook->_AIArray[i + 1]._sex; ++i; } pbook->_size--; break; } } } AddressInfo* AddressBookFind(AddressBook* pbook, const char* name) { assert(pbook); for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i) { if (strcmp(pbook->_AIArray[i]._name , name)==0)//使用库函数进行比较 { return &pbook->_AIArray[i]; } } return NULL; } void AddressBookPrint(AddressBook* pbook) { assert(pbook); for (size_t i = 0; i < pbook->_size; ++i) { //printf("======================================\n"); printf("name:%s\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._name); printf("tel:%s\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._tel); printf("age:%d\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._age); printf("sex:%d\n", pbook->_AIArray[i]._sex); printf("======================================\n"); printf("\n"); } }实现效果：
