简介

本小项目使用python+PyQT编写一个基于UDP的通讯软件。

客户端只有两个界面，如下所示

软件结构

项目分为两部分，一部分是客户端，一部分是服务器。服务器不断监听指定的端口，并将接收到的消息再重新发到该端口。客户端包含一个线程，负责监听从服务器发来的消息，当在客户端按下发送按键时，会将输入框中的内容发送到服务器。

代码

服务器

import socket s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) HOST = "" PORT = 10888 # 获取本机ip try: s.connect(('8.8.8.8', 80)) my_addr = s.getsockname()[0] HOST = str(my_addr) except Exception as ret: # 若无法连接互联网使用，会调用以下方法 print("无法获取ip，请连接网络！\n") finally: s.close() s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 绑定地址和端口 try: s.bind((HOST, PORT)) except Exception as ret: print("启动时遇到错误！\n") quit() print("启动成功\n正在监听中...") user = {} while True: try: (data, addr) = s.recvfrom(1024) if (user.get(addr, False) == False): user[addr] = data.decode('utf-8') print("IP:%s NickName:%s Join" % (addr, data.decode('utf-8'))) else: data = user[addr] + " : " + data.decode('utf-8') print(data) for key, value in user.items(): if key != addr: s.sendto(data.encode('utf-8'), key) except Exception as ret: print(ret) continue

客户端

import socket import time import sys from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon, QFont HOST = "" PORT = 10888 NickName = "" class logindialog(QDialog): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("..\\src\\sun.png")) self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowCloseButtonHint) self.setWindowTitle('登录') self.resize(280, 230) self.setFixedSize(self.width(), self.height()) self.s1 = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) self.sty = style # 添加界面控件 self.lineEdit_account = QLineEdit() self.lineEdit_IP = QLineEdit() self.pushButton_get_ip = QPushButton("获取本机IP") self.pushButton_enter = QPushButton("确定") self.pushButton_quit = QPushButton("退出") # 设置控件提示文本 self.lineEdit_account.setPlaceholderText("请输入用户名") self.lineEdit_IP.setPlaceholderText("请输入主机IP地址") # 设置控件大小 self.lineEdit_account.setFixedSize(250, 30) self.lineEdit_IP.setFixedSize(250, 30) self.pushButton_get_ip.setFixedSize(250, 25) self.pushButton_enter.setFixedSize(250, 25) self.pushButton_quit.setFixedSize(250, 25) # 设置按键样式 self.pushButton_get_ip.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) self.pushButton_enter.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) self.pushButton_quit.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) # 设置布局 layout = QVBoxLayout() layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_account, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit_IP, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(self.pushButton_get_ip, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(self.pushButton_enter, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) layout.addWidget(self.pushButton_quit, alignment=Qt.AlignCenter) self.setLayout(layout) # 绑定按钮事件 self.pushButton_enter.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_enter_clicked) self.pushButton_quit.clicked.connect(QCoreApplication.instance().quit) self.pushButton_get_ip.clicked.connect(self.click_get_ip) def on_pushButton_enter_clicked(self): # 用户名判断 if self.lineEdit_account.text() == "": QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', "请输入用户名！", QMessageBox.Yes) return else: global NickName NickName = self.lineEdit_account.text() # IP地址判断 if self.lineEdit_IP.text() == "": QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', "请输入IP地址！", QMessageBox.Yes) return else: global HOST HOST = self.lineEdit_IP.text() # 通过验证，关闭对话框并返回1 self.accept() def click_get_ip(self): """ pushbutton_get_ip控件点击触发的槽 :return: None """ # 获取本机ip self.lineEdit_IP.clear() try: self.s1.connect(('8.8.8.8', 80)) my_addr = self.s1.getsockname()[0] self.lineEdit_IP.setText(str(my_addr)) except Exception as ret: # 若无法连接互联网使用，会调用以下方法 try: my_addr = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()) except Exception as ret_e: QMessageBox.information(self, '提示', "无法获取ip，请连接网络！", QMessageBox.Yes) finally: self.s1.close() class ClientWindow(QWidget): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) self.s.sendto(NickName.encode('utf-8'), (HOST, PORT)) # 初始化线程 self.my_thread = MyThread(self.s) # 实例化线程对象 self.my_thread.my_signal.connect(self.append_message_func) self.my_thread.start() # 启动线程 self.sty = style self.iniUI() def iniUI(self): self.resize(800, 500) self.center() self.setWindowTitle('UDPCommunication') self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("..\\src\\plane.png")) # 添加控件 self.messageWindow = QTextBrowser() self.inputWindow = QLineEdit(self) self.btn = QPushButton('发送', self) self.qbtn = QPushButton('退出', self) self.btn.move(230, 380) self.qbtn.move(550, 380) # 设置按键样式 self.btn.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) self.qbtn.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) # 设置布局 layout1 = QHBoxLayout() layout2 = QVBoxLayout() layout3 = QVBoxLayout() layout1.addWidget(self.btn) layout1.addWidget(self.qbtn) layout2.addWidget(self.inputWindow) layout2.addLayout(layout1) layout3.addWidget(self.messageWindow) layout3.addLayout(layout2) self.setLayout(layout3) self.btn.clicked.connect(self.send) self.qbtn.clicked.connect(QCoreApplication.instance().quit) self.show() def center(self): qr = self.frameGeometry() cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center() qr.moveCenter(cp) self.move(qr.topLeft()) def closeEvent(self, event): reply = QMessageBox.question(self, '提示', "确定要退出吗?", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No) if reply == QMessageBox.Yes: event.accept() else: event.ignore() def send(self): if self.inputWindow.text() == "": # self.messageWindow.setStyleSheet(self.sty.buttonStyle()) self.messageWindow.insertHtml(self.toHtml("red", "请先输入信息！")) else: try: send_msg = (str(self.inputWindow.text())).encode('utf-8') self.s.sendto(send_msg, (HOST, PORT)) self.messageWindow.insertHtml(self.toHtml("black", self.inputWindow.text())) except Exception as ret: print(ret) self.messageWindow.insertHtml(self.toHtml("red", "发送失败！")) self.inputWindow.clear() time.sleep(1) def append_message_func(self, messagae): self.messageWindow.insertHtml(self.toHtml("black", messagae)) def toHtml(self, c, s): return "<font color='" + c + "' font-size='20'>" + s + "</font><br>" class MyThread(QThread): # 线程类 my_signal = pyqtSignal(str) # 自定义信号对象。参数str就代表这个信号可以传一个字符串 def __init__(self, socket): super(MyThread, self).__init__() self.s = socket def run(self): # 线程执行函数 print('UDP服务端正在监听端口:{}\n'.format(PORT)) while True: (data, addr) = self.s.recvfrom(1024) print(data.decode('utf-8')) self.my_signal.emit(data.decode('utf-8')) # 释放自定义的信号 time.sleep(1) class style(): # 按键样式 def buttonStyle(): fm = "QPushButton{font-family:'Microsoft YaHei'}" # 字体样式 fs = "QPushButton{font-size:18px}" # 字体大小 fw = "QPushButton{font-weight:bold}" # 字体加粗 c = "QPushButton{color:#DCDCDC}" # 按键前景色 bc = "QPushButton{background-color:#00BFFF}" # 按键背景色 hc = "QPushButton:hover{color:#FFFFFF}" # 光标移动到上面后的前景色 hbc = "QPushButton:hover{background-color:#6495ED}" # 光标移动到上面后的背景色 br = "QPushButton{border-radius:5px}" # 圆角半径 pbr = "QPushButton:pressed{background-color:rgb(180,180,180);border: 5px;}" # 按下时的样式 res = fm + fs + fw + c + bc + hc + hbc + br + pbr return res if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) dialog = logindialog() if dialog.exec_() == QDialog.Accepted: window = ClientWindow() window.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())

项目github地址：https://github.com/ilvli/UDPCommunication