前两天在电脑上安装了MySQL 8.0.18，在尝试从数据库导出csv文件时，遇到了以下报错：
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --secure-file-priv option so it cannot execute this statement上网一搜发现报错原因和secure-file-priv的值有关，secure-file-priv参数是用来限制mysql导入导出到哪个目录的。
查阅官方文档找到secure-file-priv的值有以下几种情况：
[外链图片转存中…(img-TKY9txDb-1572537802321)]
而使用命令 show variables like "%secu%";检查secure-file-priv的值，发现本地secure_file_priv的值设置的是NULL，那么就需要将secure_file_priv的值设置为空字符串或者dirname才能导出文件。
[外链图片转存中…(img-A9za5MJP-1572537802323)]
那么接着问题来了，在哪里设置secure-file-priv的值呢？
不能直接设置，必须要在my.cnf文件里设置(mac在my.cnf)。
那么my.cnf文件在哪里呢？
在下面3个关键目录中使用find命令全部搜了一遍也没有找到my.cnf文件，没有办法只有在网上重新找了一个my.cnf文件。
/etc /usr/local/mysql/support-files /usr/local/mysql-8.0.18-macos10.14-x86_64/support-files在找到my.cnf后，进入/etc目录下，使用sudo vim my.cnf命令新建my.cnf文件，并将以下内容添加到my.cnf文件中。
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. # # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with # other programs (such as a web server) # # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of # locations which depend on the deployment platform. # You can copy this option file to one of those # locations. For information about these locations, see: # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option. # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] default-character-set=utf8 password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] character-set-server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M character-set-server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' secure_file_priv='' # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # binary logging format - mixed recommended binlog_format=mixed # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 5M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates default-character-set=utf8 [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout一定要把上面文本中的password = your_password修改成自己的MySQL数据库的密码，我就是忘记改了，搞了3天，不管怎么修改secure_file_priv=’’，在重启数据库都没有用，终于在第3天重新梳理了一遍流程，仔细研究了my.cnf文件后，发现了问题所在。
修改好后，在系统偏好设置的MySQL中配置Configuration File文件，重新Apply然后再重启MySQL服务就可以了。
[外链图片转存中…(img-Wi0Gai5F-1572537802323)]
一切准备就绪，让我们重新再来导出一次user表
mysql> select * from user into outfile '/tmp/user.csv'; Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)大功告成！
###补充
虽然secure_file_priv设置为空字符串，也就是说可以任意导入导出到任何文件目录下，但是我也试了桌面和etc文件夹，都导出失败了，上网查询原因可能与文件访问权限、文件分组有关，这里就不再详细讨论了，/tmp目录是可以导入导出的，大家可以在这个目录下导出csv文件。
mysql> select * from user into outfile '~/Desktop/user/user.csv'; ERROR 1 (HY000): Can't create/write to file '/var/empty/Desktop/user/user.csv' (OS errno 2 - No such file or directory) mysql> select * from user into outfile '/etc/user.csv'; ERROR 1 (HY000): Can't create/write to file '/etc/user.csv' (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)如果对你有帮助的话，点赞、评论、赞赏都是对我的鼓励，也是支持我写下去的动力，谢谢！
