spring开发篇一：eclipse+maven构建springMVC项目

需求：使用maven+eclipse构建一个spring项目，HelloWorld。

案例开发环境：

操作系统：windows 8.1

eclipse：eclipse-jee-kepler-SR2-win32-x86_64

java：jdk1.7.0_76

maven：apache-maven-3.6.2-bin

工欲善其事必先利其器！

利其器：

这里简单阐述下上述所需软件，操作系统理论上windows主流均可，这里纯属凑文字而已，嗯哼。eclipse使用开普勒绿色版本即可，当然，其他j2ee开发版本的eclipse也行，请君视情况而定。jdk1.7。好了重头戏来了，这里主要围绕maven的安装以及与eclipse关联进行详细讲解。

1.maven下载：http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

 

下载后，直接解压在D盘，如下：

 

配置本地仓库：

2.maven配置环境变量：

3.eclipse关联maven：

help》》Install New Softwares..》》

添加站点：http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases/1.6

然后下载，

安装成功后，请重启 eclipse。

 

善其事：

spring项目构建：

1.创建maven project

2.配置引入spring依赖包

编辑pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.duke.spring</groupId> <artifactId>springWebProject</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>springWebProject Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> <springversion>3.2.4.RELEASE</springversion> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring 核心包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${springversion}</version> </dependency> <!-- servelt包 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springWebProject</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>

然后更新项目，右键项目》》Maven》》Update project （这个过程会下载你刚刚配置这些jar包，你可以去本地仓库查看是否已下载成功）

3.配置web项目

编辑web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application duke</display-name> <!-- 配置spring 前置控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 初始化参数 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!--默认是：<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/[servlet-name]-servlet.xml</param-value>--> <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc-duke.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>

4.配置spring：

编辑spring-mvc-duke.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 配置扫描的包，会扫描路径下所有包中含有注解类（如@Controller，@Service） --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.duke.*"></context:component-scan> <!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类,<mvc:annotation-driven/>会注册这两个类 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- 因为在web.xml中配置了spring拦截所有请求，因此这里需配置<mvc:default-servlet-handler/> 来让静态资源：js、css、jpg等通过 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 视图解析器，将Controller类返回的视图名加上配置的前后缀进行展示 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> </beans>

5.将maven引入的依赖添加到项目

右键项目：

6.编写代码

6.1后台java

package com.duke.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller @RequestMapping(value="/test") public class TestController { @RequestMapping(value="/hw") public String helloWorld(){ System.out.println("欢迎来到spring 。"); return "helloWorld"; } }

6.2前端jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>首页</title> </head> <body> <div id="content" style="position:absolute;left:100px;top:100px;font-size:30px;font-weight:bold;font-color:blue;"> HeLLo World！！！ </div> </body> </html>

 

7.部署到tomcat，过于简单就不凑文字赘述了。

8.访问：

 

 

大功告成。。。