1.shiro是什么?
Shiro是Apache下的一个开源项目。shiro属于轻量级框架，相对于SpringSecurity简单的多，也没有SpringSecurity那么复杂。以下是我自己学习之后的记录。
2.主要功能
shiro主要有三大功能模块：
Subject：主体，一般指用户。SecurityManager：安全管理器，管理所有Subject，可以配合内部安全组件。(类似于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet)Realms：用于进行权限信息的验证，一般需要自己实现。
3.细分功能
Authentication：身份认证/登录(账号密码验证)。Authorization：授权，即角色或者权限验证。Session Manager：会话管理，用户登录后的session相关管理。Cryptography：加密，密码加密等。Web Support：Web支持，集成Web环境。Caching：缓存，用户信息、角色、权限等缓存到如redis等缓存中。Concurrency：多线程并发验证，在一个线程中开启另一个线程，可以把权限自动传播过去。Testing：测试支持；Run As：允许一个用户假装为另一个用户（如果他们允许）的身份进行访问。Remember Me：记住我，登录后，下次再来的话不用登录了。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
package com.wsl.bean;
import java.util.Set;
public class User {
private String id;
private String userName;
private String password;
/**
* 用户对应的角色集合
*/
private Set<Role> roles;
//省略set、get方法等.....
}
package com.wsl.bean;
import java.util.Set;
public class Role {
private String id;
private String roleName;
/**
* 角色对应权限集合
*/
private Set<Permissions> permissions;
//省略set、get方法等.....
}
public class Permissions {
private String id;
private String permissionsName;
//省略set、get方法等.....
}
package com.wsl.service.impl;
import com.wsl.bean.Permissions;
import com.wsl.bean.Role;
import com.wsl.bean.User;
import com.wsl.service.LoginService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {
@Override
public User getUserByName(String getMapByName) {
//模拟数据库查询，正常情况此处是从数据库或者缓存查询。
return getMapByName(getMapByName);
}
/**
* 模拟数据库查询
* @param userName
* @return
*/
private User getMapByName(String userName){
//共添加两个用户，两个用户都是admin一个角色，
//wsl有query和add权限，zhangsan只有一个query权限
Permissions permissions1 = new Permissions("1","query");
Permissions permissions2 = new Permissions("2","add");
Set<Permissions> permissionsSet = new HashSet<>();
permissionsSet.add(permissions1);
permissionsSet.add(permissions2);
Role role = new Role("1","admin",permissionsSet);
Set<Role> roleSet = new HashSet<>();
roleSet.add(role);
User user = new User("1","wsl","123456",roleSet);
Map<String ,User> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(user.getUserName(), user);
Permissions permissions3 = new Permissions("3","query");
Set<Permissions> permissionsSet1 = new HashSet<>();
permissionsSet1.add(permissions3);
Role role1 = new Role("2","user",permissionsSet1);
Set<Role> roleSet1 = new HashSet<>();
roleSet1.add(role1);
User user1 = new User("2","zhangsan","123456",roleSet1);
map.put(user1.getUserName(), user1);
return map.get(userName);
}
}
自定义Realm用于查询用户的角色和权限信息并保存到权限管理器：
CustomRealm.java
package com.wsl.shiro;
import com.wsl.bean.Permissions;
import com.wsl.bean.Role;
import com.wsl.bean.User;
import com.wsl.service.LoginService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired
private LoginService loginService;
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
//获取登录用户名
String name = (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
//根据用户名去数据库查询用户信息
User user = loginService.getUserByName(name);
//添加角色和权限
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
for (Role role : user.getRoles()) {
//添加角色
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole(role.getRoleName());
//添加权限
for (Permissions permissions : role.getPermissions()) {
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermission(permissions.getPermissionsName());
}
}
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
//加这一步的目的是在Post请求的时候会先进认证，然后在到请求
if (authenticationToken.getPrincipal() == null) {
return null;
}
//获取用户信息
String name = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString();
User user = loginService.getUserByName(name);
if (user == null) {
//这里返回后会报出对应异常
return null;
} else {
//这里验证authenticationToken和simpleAuthenticationInfo的信息
SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(name, user.getPassword().toString(), getName());
return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
}
}
}
把CustomRealm和SecurityManager等加入到spring容器：
ShiroConfig.java:
package com.wsl.config;
import com.wsl.shiro.CustomRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class shiroConfig {
//不加这个注解不生效，具体不详
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAAP = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
defaultAAP.setProxyTargetClass(true);
return defaultAAP;
}
//将自己的验证方式加入容器
@Bean
public CustomRealm myShiroRealm() {
CustomRealm customRealm = new CustomRealm();
return customRealm;
}
//权限管理，配置主要是Realm的管理认证
@Bean
public SecurityManager securityManager() {
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
return securityManager;
}
//Filter工厂，设置对应的过滤条件和跳转条件
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
//登出
map.put("/logout", "logout");
//对所有用户认证
map.put("/**", "authc");
//登录
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
//首页
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index");
//错误页面，认证不通过跳转
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
//加入注解的使用，不加入这个注解不生效
@Bean
public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
}
}
package com.wsl.controller;
import com.wsl.bean.User;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresRoles;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class LoginController {
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(User user) {
//添加用户认证信息
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(
user.getUserName(),
user.getPassword()
);
try {
//进行验证，这里可以捕获异常，然后返回对应信息
subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);
// subject.checkRole("admin");
// subject.checkPermissions("query", "add");
} catch (AuthenticationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "账号或密码错误！";
} catch (AuthorizationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "没有权限";
}
return "login success";
}
//注解验角色和权限
@RequiresRoles("admin")
@RequiresPermissions("add")
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String index() {
return "index!";
}
}
注解验证角色和权限的话无法捕捉异常，从而无法正确的返回给前端错误信息，所以我加了一个类用于拦截异常，具体代码如下
MyExceptionHandler.java
package com.wsl.filter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
@ControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class MyExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler
@ResponseBody
public String ErrorHandler(AuthorizationException e) {
log.error("没有通过权限验证！", e);
return "没有通过权限验证！";
}
}
http://localhost:8080/login?userName=wsl&password=123456
