bilibili滑动验证

# ============================================= # --*-- coding: utf-8 --*-- # @Time : 2019-10-21 # @Author : TRHX # @Blog : www.itrhx.com # @ : https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36759224 # @FileName: bilibili.py # @Software: PyCharm # ============================================= # https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36759224/article/details/102649689 出处 from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains import time import random from PIL import Image # 初始化函数 def init(): global url, browser, username, password, wait url = 'https://passport.bilibili.com/login' # path是谷歌浏览器驱动的目录，如果已经将目录添加到系统变量，则不用设置此路径 path = r'F:\PycharmProjects\Python3爬虫\chromedriver.exe' chrome_options = Options() chrome_options.add_argument('--start-maximized') # browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=path, chrome_options=chrome_options) browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options) # 你的哔哩哔哩用户名 username = '186*****' # 你的哔哩哔哩登录密码 password = 'zz***' wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 20) # 登录函数 def login(): browser.get(url) # 获取用户名输入框 user = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'login-username'))) # 获取密码输入框 passwd = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'login-passwd'))) # 输入用户名 user.send_keys(username) # 输入密码 passwd.send_keys(password) # 获取登录按钮 login_btn = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'a.btn.btn-login'))) # 随机暂停几秒 time.sleep(random.random() * 3) # 点击登陆按钮 login_btn.click() # 验证码元素查找函数 def find_element(): # 获取带有缺口的图片 c_background = wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'canvas.geetest_canvas_bg.geetest_absolute'))) # 获取需要滑动的图片 c_slice = wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'canvas.geetest_canvas_slice.geetest_absolute'))) # 获取完整的图片 c_full_bg = wait.until( EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'canvas.geetest_canvas_fullbg.geetest_fade.geetest_absolute'))) # 隐藏需要滑动的图片 hide_element(c_slice) # 保存带有缺口的图片 save_screenshot(c_background, 'back') # 显示需要滑动的图片 show_element(c_slice) # 保存需要滑动的图片 save_screenshot(c_slice, 'slice') # 显示完整的图片 show_element(c_full_bg) # 保存完整的图片 save_screenshot(c_full_bg, 'full') # 设置元素不可见 def hide_element(element): browser.execute_script("arguments[0].style=arguments[1]", element, "display: none;") # 设置元素可见 def show_element(element): browser.execute_script("arguments[0].style=arguments[1]", element, "display: block;") # 验证码截图函数 def save_screenshot(obj, name): try: # 首先对出现验证码后的整个页面进行截图保存 pic_url = browser.save_screenshot('.\\bilibili.png') print("%s:截图成功!" % pic_url) # 计算传入的obj，也就是三张图片的位置信息 left = obj.location['x'] top = obj.location['y'] right = left + obj.size['width'] bottom = top + obj.size['height'] # 打印输出一下每一张图的位置信息 print('图：' + name) print('Left %s' % left) print('Top %s' % top) print('Right %s' % right) print('Bottom %s' % bottom) print('') # 在整个页面截图的基础上，根据位置信息，分别剪裁出三张验证码图片并保存 im = Image.open('.\\bilibili.png') im = im.crop((left, top, right, bottom)) file_name = 'bili_' + name + '.png' im.save(file_name) except BaseException as msg: print("%s:截图失败!" % msg) # 滑动模块的主函数 def slide(): distance = get_distance(Image.open('.\\bili_back.png'), Image.open('.\\bili_full.png')) print('计算偏移量为：%s Px' % distance) trace = get_trace(distance - 5) move_to_gap(trace) time.sleep(3) # 计算滑块移动距离函数 def get_distance(bg_image, fullbg_image): # 滑块的初始位置 distance = 60 # 遍历两张图片的每个像素 for i in range(distance, fullbg_image.size[0]): for j in range(fullbg_image.size[1]): # 调用缺口位置寻找函数 if not is_pixel_equal(fullbg_image, bg_image, i, j): return i # 缺口位置寻找函数 def is_pixel_equal(bg_image, fullbg_image, x, y): # 获取两张图片对应像素点的RGB数据 bg_pixel = bg_image.load()[x, y] fullbg_pixel = fullbg_image.load()[x, y] # 设定一个阈值 threshold = 60 # 比较两张图 RGB 的绝对值是否均小于定义的阈值 if (abs(bg_pixel[0] - fullbg_pixel[0] < threshold) and abs(bg_pixel[1] - fullbg_pixel[1] < threshold) and abs( bg_pixel[2] - fullbg_pixel[2] < threshold)): return True else: return False # 构造移动轨迹函数 def get_trace(distance): trace = [] # 设置加速距离为总距离的4/5 faster_distance = distance * (4 / 5) # 设置初始位置、初始速度、时间间隔 start, v0, t = 0, 0, 0.1 while start < distance: if start < faster_distance: a = 10 else: a = -10 # 位移 move = v0 * t + 1 / 2 * a * t * t # 当前时刻的速度 v = v0 + a * t v0 = v start += move trace.append(round(move)) # trace 记录了每个时间间隔移动了多少位移 return trace # 模拟拖动函数 def move_to_gap(trace): # 获取滑动按钮 slider = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'div.geetest_slider_button'))) # 点击并拖动滑块 ActionChains(browser).click_and_hold(slider).perform() # 遍历运动轨迹获取每小段位移距离 for x in trace: # 移动此位移 ActionChains(browser).move_by_offset(xoffset=x, yoffset=0).perform() time.sleep(0.5) # 释放鼠标 ActionChains(browser).release().perform() if __name__ == '__main__': init() login() find_element() slide()