成年人学英语 ,在会一些简单的句子和单词之后,只要不是零基础,建议先学语法。 基本的英语语法就像一棵大树的树干。先要掌握英语语法大树的主干,就对英语有了基本的掌握,能够知道怎么读懂句子。 英语语法其实非常简单。
英语的句子分成三类:
简单句并列句复合句简单句就是有一套主谓结构的句子,或者理解为讲述一件事。 简单句是复杂句子的基础。简单句分为五类结构:
主谓 I swim.主谓宾 I like English.主谓双宾 They offered me a post.主谓宾补 I bought you a present.主系表 I am very happy.常见的系动词:
be 动词变得 get become turn go grow感官动词 look sound smell taste feel保持 keep remain; 似乎 seem appear情态动词+动词原型;情态=情绪+态度
情态动词说明例句must必须做某事should应该做某事will/would将要,愿意做某事;would 更委婉can/could能够做某事;could更委婉may/might可以 做某事;might更委婉形容词修饰名词
副词修饰名词以外成分,包括动词、形容词、副词、句子。
讲述多件事,多件事之间一样重要。 并列句是有多套主谓结构,或者理解为讲述多件事。中间用并列连词连接。
并列类型并列连词例句顺接a and b, both a and b, not only …, but … as well/but also …/but …I swim and i like English.转折but,yetI like English, but I don’t like French.选择… or …, either…or, neither…nor…You can like English or like French.因果…for…(原因), …so…(结果)You like language, so you like English.表达多件事。多件事之间不一样重要。 复合句=主句+从句。 复合句是有多套主谓结构,但是只有一个核心谓语。
主句 + 连词 + 陈述句
例:
I promise that I will help you. 我承诺我会帮助你You never told me what you had done to my computer. 你从来没告诉我,你对我的电脑做了什么。They don’t konw whether/if they will finish the work on time. 他们不知道是否会按时完成工作。 【注意】用whether肯定没问题,用if在某些从句中不适用。I wonder when/what time we will set out. 我想知道 什么时候我们将会出发。Can you tell me when we will set off? 你能告诉我什么时候我们能出发吗?例:
My concern is that people don’t care about others. 我担心的是人们不关心其他人。The question remains whether people will trust it.一个句子做主语。 例:
Whether we will go camping depends on the weather.It depends on the weather whether we will go camping. It 作形式主语,真正的主语是从句。同位语:解释说明。 一个句子去做同位语,用于解释说明。
that+陈述句,that不作成分,但不能省略。
例:
I support the argument that the problems of school buses must be taken seriously.放在所修饰的名词后。
例:
This is the job. I have dreamed of the job for years. This is the job which I have dreamed of for years.要点:
which: 引出定语从句的叫关系词。job : 定语从句所修饰的名词叫先行词。先行词=关系词which的作用:
引出定语从句的。作(从句中的)成分。 限制性定语从句:先行词不明确。非限制性定语从句:先行词明确,有逗号。Where there is a will, there is a way.
He reads so passionately that he always forgets to eat.
He got such a fright(惊吓) that he nearly droped the bag.
She ran very fast so that she might(情态动词) catch the last train.
Although it was summer, it was really very cold. 相当于: It waw summer, but it was really very cold.
You are smarter than they think.
When in Rome, do as Romans do.
