•地理学第一定律（Tobler's First Law或者Tobler's First Law of Geography）Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related to each other.[1]
•地理学第二定律由MichaelGoodchild提出，空间异质性定律(Law of Spatial Heterogeneity)，空间的隔离，造成了地物之间的差异，即异质性。（分为空间局域异质性（spatial local heterogeneity）和空间分层异质性（简称空间分异性）（spatial stratified heterogeneity）。前者是指该点属性值与周围不同，例如热点或冷点；后者是指多个区域之间互相不同，例如分类和生态分区。）
•Source criticism. HISTORY MAY BE BUNK, BUT, YOU CAN STILL DEBUNK HISTORIANS AND OTHER ACADEMICS. Primary sources And Secondary sources.
•Types of primary sources:
•1) Original handwritten documents, early copies of original documents, letters, diaries, and book manuscripts;
•2) Printed documents, published books;
•3) Personal documents, private documents, government documents, public documents;
•4) Pictures, photographs and film;
•5) Archaeological evidence; statistical data derived from documents;
7) Oral evidence.
