centos7安装python，mariaDB，nginx，django，flask

mac2022-06-30 20

0，安装centos7

centos默认不开启网卡，需要在安装时将ens33设置为on，或者后续通过vi ifcfg-ens33，找到onboot，设置为yes

或者也可以改名：cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ mv ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-eth0， vi ifcfg-eth0（将name改为eth0）

ssh登陆centos7时，如果提示WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!，可以用ssh-keygen -R [IP_ADDRESS]重置

1，安装python3

关闭yum（如果在运行）：rm -f /var/run/yum.pid

安装gcc：yum install gcc

安装依赖包：yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

安装依赖包（python3.7的pip需要）：yum install libffi-devel -y

查看最新版本：https://www.python.org/ftp/python/

安装wget（如果没有安装）：yum -y install wget

下载最新版本：wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tgz

新建目录：mkdir /usr/local/python3

移动：mv Python-3.7.2.tgz /usr/local

进入/usr/local目录解压：tar -xvf Python-3.7.2.tgz

进入解压文件夹：cd /usr/local/Python-3.7.2

配置安装目录：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3（如果提示"make:*** No targets specified and no makefile found.Stop."，需要yum update ， yum install gcc build-essential）

编译：make

安装：make install

删除安装包：rm Python-3.7.2.tgz

删除文件夹: rm -rf Python-3.7.2

配置python3软链接： ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

配置pip软链接：ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

2，安装mariaDB

安装mariaDB：yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y

安装MySQL-python：yum install MySQL-python -y

启动mariaDB：systemctl start mariadb

开机自启动：systemctl enable mariadb.service

初始化mariaDB：mysql_secure_installation

创建数据库：

mysql -uroot -ptest create database mysite;

3，安装nginx

3.1，需要先安装（如果没安装）：

yum install gcc-c++

yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel3.2，下载和安装nginx：

查看版本：https://nginx.org/en/download.html 查看版本

下载：wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz

解压：tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.16.1

./configure

make

mkdir /usr/local/nginx

make install 3.3，启动停止nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # 加载配置文件启动，也可以加环境变量后直接nginx -c xxx

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/

nginx -s stop

nginx -s quit

nginx -s reload

加环境变量：

vim /etc/profile，在文件最后加上：

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin

export PATH

4，创建django项目

cd / mkdir data cd /data/ find ./ -name django-admin # 找到django-admin所在目录 python3 /usr/local/python3/bin/django-admin.py startproject mysite # 创建mysite站点

修改配置文件，/data/mysite/mysite/settings.py

""" Django settings for mysite project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.7. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/ """ import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = 'm4@g1=hz^08y(9d)v5l!8^*0wbla=oe15s@u8@5^pw=llfz48%' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME': 'mysite', 'PASSWORD':'test', 'USER': 'root', 'HOST':'127.0.0.1', 'PORT':'3306', } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/ LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/'

安装pymysql：

pip install pymysql

修改data/mysite/mysite/__init__.py文件：

import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

创建django数据库

cd /data/mysite python3 manage.py migrate

启动django

python3 manage.py runserver

5，FLASK

5.1，直接开启服务

app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000)

python3 app01.py

备注：可能centos需要让防火墙放行端口，增加如下配置：

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5000/tcp --permanent

firewall-cmd --reload

5.2，通过uwsgi启动flask服务

pip install uwsgi

find / -name uwsgi # /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi # 软链接

uwsgi --socket 0.0.0.0:5000 --protocol=http -p 3 -w run:app

　　socket 0.0.0.0:5000：暴露端口号5000

　　--protocol=http：http

　　-p 3 ：占3个进程

　　-w run:app：-w 指明了要启动的模块，run 就是项目启动文件 run.py 去掉扩展名，app 是 run.py 文件中的变量 app，即 Flask 实例

5.3，配置uwsgi文件，通过nginx起服务

必须先启动uwsgi，再启动nginx

配置uwsgi，可以放在项目目录下（部署时去掉#后面注释）：

[uwsgi] socket = 127.0.0.1:5000 # uWSGI 的监听端口 chdir = /home/bridge/flasksite # 项目根目录 wsgi-file = app01.py # Flask 项目的启动文件 callable = app # 程序内启用的application变量名 processes = 4 # 进程数量 vacuum = true master = true stats = %(chdir)/uwsgi/uwsgi.status # 记录uwsgi状态 pidfile = %(chdir)/uwsgi/uwsgi.pid # 记录uwsgi的pi

假设flask项目下的uwsgi结构如下:

flasksite/

|-- uwsgi.ini

|-- app01.py

|-- uwsgi/

| | -- uwsgi.pid

| | -- uwsgi.status

uwsgi命令：

cd flasksite

启动：uwsgi uwsgi.ini

重启：uwsgi --reload uwsgi/uwsgi.pid

关闭：uwsgi --stop uwsgi/uwsgi.pid

关闭所有uwsgi：pkill -f uwsgi -9

配置nginx，本例配置文件在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ，增加下面一段：

server { 　　listen 5050; 　　server_name data.migelab.com; 　　charset utf-8; 　　client_max_body_size 75M; 　　location / { 　　　　include uwsgi_params; # 导入uwsgi配置　　　　uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:5000; # 转发端口，需要和uwsgi配置当中的监听端口一致　　　　uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYTHON /usr/bin/python3; # Python解释器所在的路径，如果有虚拟环境可将路径设置为虚拟环境　　　　uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/bridge/flasksite; # 项目根目录　　　　uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT app02:app; # 项目的主程序，比如你测试用run.py文件，文件中app = Flask(__name__)，那么这里就填run:app 　　} }

开启nginx：

nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

或者可能路径是nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/guxh/p/10277659.html

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