C#中RSA加密解密和签名与验证的实现

mac2022-06-30 26

RSA加密算法是一种非对称加密算法。在公钥加密标准和电子商业中RSA被广泛使用。RSA是1977年由罗纳德•李维斯特（Ron Rivest）、阿迪•萨莫尔（Adi Shamir）和伦纳德•阿德曼（Leonard Adleman）一起提出的。当时他们三人都在麻省理工学院工作。RSA就是他们三人姓氏开头字母拼在一起组成的。.Net的推出，我们能够利用.Net Framework中的类提供的加密服务来保证数据安全。目前应用较为广泛的加密方法是使用RSA算法进行加密。在.Net Framework中与RSA加密算法相关的类主要有两个：RSA 类和 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类。按照MSDN的说法RSA 类是“表示 RSA 算法的所有实现均从中继承的基类”，而 RSACryptoServiceProvider 类是“使用加密服务提供程序 (CSP) 提供的 RSA 算法的实现执行不对称加密和解密”。另外，“表示 RSA 算法的标准参数”的RSAParameters 结构也是很重要的，它保存了RSA算法的参数。这里具体讲述一下在C#中如何使用框架提供的RSA算法来对我们的信息加密、签名、验证签名、解密的这个几个步骤的实现

class Program { static void Main() { try { //string str_DataToSign = @"Data to Sign!Data to Sign!Data to Sign!"; //Console.WriteLine("原文：" + str_DataToSign); //Console.WriteLine("长度：" + str_DataToSign.Length.ToString()); //Console.WriteLine(); string filePath = @"C:\md5\main.js"; string str_DataToSign = GetFileMD5(filePath); Console.WriteLine(str_DataToSign); //WriteDateToFile(@"C:\md5\md5.txt", str_DataToSign); RSACryptoServiceProvider RSAalg = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); string str_Private_Key = Convert.ToBase64String(RSAalg.ExportCspBlob(true)); string str_Public_Key = Convert.ToBase64String(RSAalg.ExportCspBlob(false)); Console.WriteLine("公钥：" + str_Public_Key); //WriteDateToFile(@"C:\md5\public.txt",str_Public_Key); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("私钥：" + str_Private_Key); //WriteDateToFile(@"C:\md5\private.txt", str_Private_Key); Console.WriteLine(); string str_SignedData = HashAndSign(str_DataToSign, str_Private_Key);// Hash and sign the data. Console.WriteLine("签名数据：" + str_SignedData); //WriteDateToFile(@"C:\md5\sign.txt", str_SignedData); Console.WriteLine(); if (VerifySignedHash(str_DataToSign, str_SignedData, str_Public_Key)) { Console.WriteLine("验证签名OK."); } else { Console.WriteLine("签名不匹配!"); } Console.ReadKey(); } catch (ArgumentNullException) { Console.WriteLine("The data was not signed or verified"); } } //对数据签名 public static string HashAndSign(string str_DataToSign, string str_Private_Key) { ASCIIEncoding ByteConverter = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] DataToSign = ByteConverter.GetBytes(str_DataToSign); try { RSACryptoServiceProvider RSAalg = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSAalg.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(str_Private_Key)); byte[] signedData = RSAalg.SignData(DataToSign, new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider()); string str_SignedData = Convert.ToBase64String(signedData); return str_SignedData; } catch (CryptographicException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); return null; } } //验证签名 public static bool VerifySignedHash(string str_DataToVerify, string str_SignedData, string str_Public_Key) { byte[] SignedData = Convert.FromBase64String(str_SignedData); ASCIIEncoding ByteConverter = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] DataToVerify = ByteConverter.GetBytes(str_DataToVerify); try { RSACryptoServiceProvider RSAalg = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSAalg.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(str_Public_Key)); return RSAalg.VerifyData(DataToVerify, new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(), SignedData); } catch (CryptographicException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); return false; } } /// <summary> /// 对文件进行MD5加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="filepath">文件路径</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetFileMD5(string filepath) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); using (MD5 md5 = MD5.Create()) { using (FileStream fs = File.OpenRead(filepath)) { byte[] newB = md5.ComputeHash(fs); foreach (byte item in newB) { sb.Append(item.ToString("x2")); } } } return sb.ToString(); } /// <summary> /// 写文件操作 /// </summary> /// <param name="filePath"></param> /// <param name="content"></param> public static void WriteDateToFile(string filePath, string content) { using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))) { //写入文件 sw.WriteLine(content); sw.Flush(); } } }