Unity C#配置表工具（借鉴大神，仅作为笔记用）

mac2022-06-30 23

一般在游戏开发中策划都会把数据配置在excel中.所以我们需要从excel中导出数据,并且把数据保存在本地.

有很多种方式可以把数据导出成我们想要的格式,比如说导出为json,cs,或者xml.不过我更喜欢直接把数据序列化为二进制文件.然后在游戏中加载的时候直接反序列化就可以了.这样引用数据的时候非常方便.

首先说下流程.

1. 从excel中读取数据 2. 根据数据类型.动态生成每个表的C#类 3. 动态编译C#类.然后输出为一个动态库 4. 实例化C#类,并且把数据填入到实例化的对象中 5. 序列化数据,保存在Unity中的Resources目录中 6. 在Unity中引用之前输出的动态库,在游戏运行时加载数据.并且进行反序列化

先来看看配置表的格式:

在上面的配置表中,前三行为我预留的位置,第四行和第五行分别表示这个字段在类中的类型和成员变量名格式定好了,那我们就按照格式把数据从excel中读取出来就行了.

string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(excelPath, "*.xlsx"); List<string> codeList = new List<string>(); Dictionary<string, List<ConfigData[]>> dataDict = new Dictionary<string, List<ConfigData[]>>(); for (int i = 0; i < files.Length; ++i) {//打开excel string file = files[i]; FileStream stream = File.Open(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(stream); if (!excelReader.IsValid) { Console.WriteLine("invalid excel " + file); continue; }

这里是开始在读取excel表.我引用了一个第三方库来读取excel.各位可以用其它方法来读取.只要能读取到每一行的数据,那都是一样的.

class ConfigData { public string Type; public string Name; public string Data; }

首先我定义了一个类,每一个字段都会实例化一个这个类.并且把类型和名称以及数据保存在这个类中.

string[] types = null; string[] names = null; List<ConfigData[]> dataList = new List<ConfigData[]>(); int index = 1;

//开始读取 while (excelReader.Read()) {//这里读取的是每一行的数据 string[] datas = new string[excelReader.FieldCount]; for (int j = 0; j < excelReader.FieldCount; ++j) { datas[j] = excelReader.GetString(j); }

//空行不处理 if (datas.Length == 0 || string.IsNullOrEmpty(datas[0])) { ++index; continue; }

//第三行表示类型 if (index == PROPERTY_TYPE_LINE) types = datas;//第四行表示变量名 else if (index == PROPERTY_NAME_LINE) names = datas;//后面的表示数据 else if (index > PROPERTY_NAME_LINE) {//把读取的数据和数据类型,名称保存起来,后面用来动态生成类 List<ConfigData> configDataList = new List<ConfigData>(); for (int j = 0; j < datas.Length; ++j) { ConfigData data = new ConfigData(); data.Type = types[j]; data.Name = names[j]; data.Data = datas[j]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data.Type) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(data.Data)) continue; configDataList.Add(data); } dataList.Add(configDataList.ToArray()); } ++index; }

//类名 string className = excelReader.Name;//根据刚才的数据来生成C#脚本 ScriptGenerator generator = new ScriptGenerator(className, names, types);//所有生成的类最终保存在这个链表中 codeList.Add(generator.Generate()); if (dataDict.ContainsKey(className)) Console.WriteLine("相同的表名 " + className); else dataDict.Add(className, dataList);

//脚本生成器 class ScriptGenerator { public string[] Fileds; public string[] Types; public string ClassName;

public ScriptGenerator(string className, string[] fileds, string[] types) { ClassName = className; Fileds = fileds; Types = types; }

//开始生成脚本 public string Generate() { if (Types == null || Fileds == null || ClassName == null) return null; return CreateCode(ClassName, Types, Fileds); }

//创建代码。 private string CreateCode(string tableName, string[] types, string[] fields) {//生成类 StringBuilder classSource = new StringBuilder(); classSource.Append("/*Auto create\n"); classSource.Append("Don't Edit it*/\n"); classSource.Append("\n"); classSource.Append("using System;\n"); classSource.Append("using System.Reflection;\n"); classSource.Append("using System.Collections.Generic;\n"); classSource.Append("[Serializable]\n"); classSource.Append("public class " + tableName + "\n"); classSource.Append("{\n");//设置成员 for (int i = 0; i < fields.Length; ++i) { classSource.Append(PropertyString(types[i], fields[i])); } classSource.Append("}\n");

//生成Container classSource.Append("\n"); classSource.Append("[Serializable]\n"); classSource.Append("public class " + tableName + "Container\n"); classSource.Append("{\n"); classSource.Append("\tpublic " + "Dictionary<int, " + tableName + ">" + " Dict" + " = new Dictionary<int, " + tableName + ">();\n"); classSource.Append("}\n"); return classSource.ToString(); }

private string PropertyString(string type, string propertyName) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(type) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName)) return null;

if (type == SupportType.LIST_INT) type = "List<int>"; else if (type == SupportType.LIST_FLOAT) type = "List<float>"; else if (type == SupportType.LIST_STRING) type = "List<string>"; StringBuilder sbProperty = new StringBuilder(); sbProperty.Append("\tpublic " + type + " " + propertyName + ";\n"); return sbProperty.ToString(); } }

这个类用于生成配置表类代码.

//编译代码,序列化数据 Assembly assembly = CompileCode(codeList.ToArray(), null); string path = _rootPath + _dataPath; if (Directory.Exists(path)) Directory.Delete(path, true); Directory.CreateDirectory(path); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, List<ConfigData[]>> each in dataDict) { object container = assembly.CreateInstance(each.Key + "Container"); Type temp = assembly.GetType(each.Key); Serialize(container, temp, each.Value, path); }

得到了生成的类代码过后.我们需要动态编译这些代码.并且填充数据.

//编译代码 private static Assembly CompileCode(string[] scripts, string[] dllNames) { string path = _rootPath + _dllPath; if (!Directory.Exists(path)) Directory.CreateDirectory(path);//编译参数 CSharpCodeProvider codeProvider = new CSharpCodeProvider(); CompilerParameters objCompilerParameters = new CompilerParameters(); objCompilerParameters.ReferencedAssemblies.AddRange(new string[] { "System.dll" }); objCompilerParameters.OutputAssembly = path + "Config.dll"; objCompilerParameters.GenerateExecutable = false; objCompilerParameters.GenerateInMemory = true;

//开始编译脚本 CompilerResults cr = codeProvider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(objCompilerParameters, scripts); if (cr.Errors.HasErrors) { Console.WriteLine("编译错误："); foreach (CompilerError err in cr.Errors) Console.WriteLine(err.ErrorText); return null; } return cr.CompiledAssembly; }

//序列化对象 private static void Serialize(object container, Type temp, List<ConfigData[]> dataList, string path) {//设置数据 foreach (ConfigData[] datas in dataList) { object t = temp.Assembly.CreateInstance(temp.FullName); foreach (ConfigData data in datas) { FieldInfo info = temp.GetField(data.Name); info.SetValue(t, ParseValue(data.Type, data.Data)); }

object id = temp.GetField("id").GetValue(t); FieldInfo dictInfo = container.GetType().GetField("Dict"); object dict = dictInfo.GetValue(container);

bool isExist = (bool)dict.GetType().GetMethod("ContainsKey").Invoke(dict, new Object[] {id}); if (isExist) { Console.WriteLine("repetitive key " + id + " in " + container.GetType().Name); Console.Read(); return; } dict.GetType().GetMethod("Add").Invoke(dict, new Object[] { id, t }); }

IFormatter f = new BinaryFormatter(); Stream s = new FileStream(path + temp.Name + ".bytes", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write); f.Serialize(s, container); s.Close(); }

CreateDataManager(assembly);

最后这里还创建了一个DataManager用于管理之前导出的数据.这也是Unity中获取数据的接口

//创建数据管理器脚本 private static void CreateDataManager(Assembly assembly) { IEnumerable types = assembly.GetTypes().Where(t => { return t.Name.Contains("Container"); });

StringBuilder source = new StringBuilder(); source.Append("/*Auto create\n"); source.Append("Don't Edit it*/\n"); source.Append("\n");

source.Append("using System;\n"); source.Append("using UnityEngine;\n"); source.Append("using System.Runtime.Serialization;\n"); source.Append("using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;\n"); source.Append("using System.IO;\n\n"); source.Append("[Serializable]\n"); source.Append("public class DataManager : SingletonTemplate<DataManager>\n"); source.Append("{\n");

//定义变量 foreach (Type t in types) { source.Append("\tpublic " + t.Name + " " + t.Name.Remove(0, 2) + ";\n"); } source.Append("\n");

//定义方法 foreach (Type t in types) { string typeName = t.Name.Remove(t.Name.IndexOf("Container")); string funcName = t.Name.Remove(0, 2); funcName = funcName.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper() + funcName.Substring(1); funcName = funcName.Remove(funcName.IndexOf("Container")); source.Append("\tpublic " + typeName + " Get" + funcName + "(int id)\n"); source.Append("\t{\n"); source.Append("\t\t" + typeName + " t = null;\n"); source.Append("\t\t" + t.Name.Remove(0, 2) + ".Dict.TryGetValue(id, out t);\n"); source.Append("\t\tif (t == null) Debug.LogError(" + '"' + "can't find the id " + '"' + " + id " + "+ " + '"' + " in " + t.Name + '"' + ");\n"); source.Append("\t\treturn t;\n"); source.Append("\t}\n"); }

加载所有配置表 source.Append("\tpublic void LoadAll()\n"); source.Append("\t{\n"); foreach (Type t in types) { string typeName = t.Name.Remove(t.Name.IndexOf("Container")); source.Append("\t\t" + t.Name.Remove(0, 2) + " = Load(" + '"' + typeName + '"' + ") as " + t.Name + ";\n"); } source.Append("\t}\n\n");

//反序列化 source.Append("\tprivate System.Object Load(string name)\n"); source.Append("\t{\n"); source.Append("\t\tIFormatter f = new BinaryFormatter();\n"); source.Append("\t\tTextAsset text = Resources.Load<TextAsset>(" + '"' + "ConfigBin/" + '"' + " + name);\n"); source.Append("\t\tStream s = new MemoryStream(text.bytes);\n"); source.Append("\t\tSystem.Object obj = f.Deserialize(s);\n"); source.Append("\t\ts.Close();\n"); source.Append("\t\treturn obj;\n"); source.Append("\t}\n");

source.Append("}\n");//保存脚本 string path = _rootPath + _scriptPath; if (!Directory.Exists(path)) Directory.CreateDirectory(path); StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(path + "DataManager.cs"); sw.WriteLine(source.ToString()); sw.Close(); }

经过动态编译过后.会输出一个库,这个库里面有所有配置表的类型.我们只需要在Unity中引用这个库就行了. 实际测试,在PC端,Android,IOS都是可以使用的.

生成的类就是这样的.

DataManager也是自动生成的.在游戏进入时调用一下LoadAll函数加载数据.后面直接调用对应函数, 根据id就可以取得数据了.

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Damon-3707/p/11477231.html

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