本文目的：展示 PyQt5 结合 matplotlib 时，如何显示其 NavigationToolbar。
本人搜遍所有网络无果，没办法，查看PyQt5源代码，最终才搞明白。。。特此留记。
〇、PyQt4 与 PyQt5 导入 NavigationToolbar 时的区别（去掉两个agg）
# PyQt4 版本（网传）
#from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as NavigationToolbar
# PyQt5 版本
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5
import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
一、隐藏 matplotlib 工具条
import sys
from PyQt5
import QtWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg
import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5
import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import random
class Window(QtWidgets.QDialog):
def __init__(self, parent=
None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.figure =
plt.figure()
self.axes = self.figure.add_subplot(111
)
# We want the axes cleared every time plot() is called
self.axes.hold(False)
self.canvas =
FigureCanvas(self.figure)
self.toolbar =
NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
self.toolbar.hide()
# Just some button
self.button1 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(
'Plot')
self.button1.clicked.connect(self.plot)
self.button2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(
'Zoom')
self.button2.clicked.connect(self.zoom)
self.button3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(
'Pan')
self.button3.clicked.connect(self.pan)
self.button4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(
'Home')
self.button4.clicked.connect(self.home)
# set the layout
layout =
QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(self.toolbar)
layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
btnlayout =
QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
btnlayout.addWidget(self.button1)
btnlayout.addWidget(self.button2)
btnlayout.addWidget(self.button3)
btnlayout.addWidget(self.button4)
qw =
QtWidgets.QWidget(self)
qw.setLayout(btnlayout)
layout.addWidget(qw)
self.setLayout(layout)
def home(self):
self.toolbar.home()
def zoom(self):
self.toolbar.zoom()
def pan(self):
self.toolbar.pan()
def plot(self):
''' plot some random stuff '''
data = [random.random()
for i
in range(25
)]
self.axes.plot(data, '*-')
self.canvas.draw()
if __name__ ==
'__main__':
app =
QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
main =
Window()
main.setWindowTitle('Simple QTpy and MatplotLib example with Zoom/Pan')
main.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
二、显示 matplotlib 工具条
import sys, os, random
from PyQt5.QtCore
import *
from PyQt5.QtGui
import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets
import *
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg
import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5
import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.figure
import Figure
class AppForm(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=
None):
QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
self.setWindowTitle('Demo: PyQt with matplotlib')
self.create_menu()
self.create_main_frame()
self.create_status_bar()
self.textbox.setText('1 2 3 4')
self.on_draw()
def save_plot(self):
file_choices =
"PNG (*.png)|*.png"
path =
QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self,
'Save file',
'',
file_choices)
if path:
self.canvas.print_figure(path, dpi=
self.dpi)
self.statusBar().showMessage('Saved to %s' % path, 2000
)
def on_about(self):
msg =
""" A demo of using PyQt with matplotlib:
* Use the matplotlib navigation bar
* Add values to the text box and press Enter (or click "Draw")
* Show or hide the grid
* Drag the slider to modify the width of the bars
* Save the plot to a file using the File menu
* Click on a bar to receive an informative message
"""
QMessageBox.about(self, "About the demo", msg.strip())
def on_pick(self, event):
# The event received here is of the type
# matplotlib.backend_bases.PickEvent
#
# It carries lots of information, of which we're using
# only a small amount here.
#
box_points =
event.artist.get_bbox().get_points()
msg =
"You've clicked on a bar with coords:\n %s" %
box_points
QMessageBox.information(self, "Click!", msg)
def on_draw(self):
""" Redraws the figure
"""
#str = unicode(self.textbox.text())
self.data =
list(map(int, self.textbox.text().split()))
x =
range(len(self.data))
# clear the axes and redraw the plot anew
#
self.axes.clear()
self.axes.grid(self.grid_cb.isChecked())
self.axes.bar(
left=
x,
height=
self.data,
width=self.slider.value() / 100.0
,
align=
'center',
alpha=0.44
,
picker=5
)
self.canvas.draw()
def create_main_frame(self):
self.main_frame =
QWidget()
# Create the mpl Figure and FigCanvas objects.
# 5x4 inches, 100 dots-per-inch
#
self.dpi = 100
self.fig = Figure((5.0, 4.0), dpi=
self.dpi)
self.canvas =
FigureCanvas(self.fig)
self.canvas.setParent(self.main_frame)
# Since we have only one plot, we can use add_axes
# instead of add_subplot, but then the subplot
# configuration tool in the navigation toolbar wouldn't
# work.
#
self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111
)
# Bind the 'pick' event for clicking on one of the bars
#
self.canvas.mpl_connect(
'pick_event', self.on_pick)
# Create the navigation toolbar, tied to the canvas
#
self.mpl_toolbar =
NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.main_frame)
# Other GUI controls
#
self.textbox =
QLineEdit()
self.textbox.setMinimumWidth(200
)
self.textbox.editingFinished.connect(self.on_draw)
self.draw_button = QPushButton(
"&Draw")
self.draw_button.clicked.connect(self.on_draw)
self.grid_cb = QCheckBox(
"Show &Grid")
self.grid_cb.setChecked(False)
self.grid_cb.stateChanged.connect(self.on_draw) #int
slider_label = QLabel(
'Bar width (%):')
self.slider =
QSlider(Qt.Horizontal)
self.slider.setRange(1, 100
)
self.slider.setValue(20
)
self.slider.setTracking(True)
self.slider.setTickPosition(QSlider.TicksBothSides)
self.slider.valueChanged.connect(self.on_draw)#int
#
# Layout with box sizers
#
hbox =
QHBoxLayout()
for w
in [ self.textbox, self.draw_button, self.grid_cb,
slider_label, self.slider]:
hbox.addWidget(w)
hbox.setAlignment(w, Qt.AlignVCenter)
vbox =
QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(self.mpl_toolbar)
vbox.addWidget(self.canvas)
vbox.addLayout(hbox)
self.main_frame.setLayout(vbox)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_frame)
def create_status_bar(self):
self.status_text = QLabel(
"This is a demo")
self.statusBar().addWidget(self.status_text, 1
)
def create_menu(self):
self.file_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu(
"&File")
load_file_action = self.create_action(
"&Save plot",
shortcut=
"Ctrl+S", slot=
self.save_plot,
tip=
"Save the plot")
quit_action = self.create_action(
"&Quit", slot=
self.close,
shortcut=
"Ctrl+Q", tip=
"Close the application")
self.add_actions(self.file_menu,
(load_file_action, None, quit_action))
self.help_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu(
"&Help")
about_action = self.create_action(
"&About",
shortcut=
'F1', slot=
self.on_about,
tip=
'About the demo')
self.add_actions(self.help_menu, (about_action,))
def add_actions(self, target, actions):
for action
in actions:
if action
is None:
target.addSeparator()
else:
target.addAction(action)
def create_action( self, text, slot=None, shortcut=
None,
icon=None, tip=None, checkable=
False,
signal=
"triggered()"):
action =
QAction(text, self)
if icon
is not None:
action.setIcon(QIcon(":/%s.png" %
icon))
if shortcut
is not None:
action.setShortcut(shortcut)
if tip
is not None:
action.setToolTip(tip)
action.setStatusTip(tip)
if slot
is not None:
action.triggered.connect(slot)
if checkable:
action.setCheckable(True)
return action
def main():
app =
QApplication(sys.argv)
form =
AppForm()
form.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ ==
"__main__":
main()
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/hhh5460/p/5189843.html
